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The history of agriculture in India dates back to the Rigveda.〔 Today, India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP(Gross Domestic Product) in 2013,〔(Agriculture's share in GDP declines to 13.7% in 2012-13 )〕 about 50% of the total workforce.〔Staff, India Brand Equity Foundation (Agriculture and Food in India ) Accessed 7 May 2013〕 The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India. India exported $39 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide, and the sixth largest net exporter.〔 Most of its agriculture exports serve the developing and least developed nations of the world.〔(India’s Agricultural Exports Climb to Record High ), United States Department of Agriculture (2014)〕 ==Overview== As Per the 2010 FAO world agriculture statistics, India is the world's largest producer of many fresh fruits and vegetables, milk, major spices, select fibrous crops such as jute, several staples such as millets and castor oil seed. India is the second largest producer of wheat and rice, the world's major food staples. India is also the world's second or third largest producer of several dry fruits, agriculture-based textile raw materials, roots and tuber crops, pulses, farmed fish, eggs, coconut, sugarcane and numerous vegetables. India ranked within the world's five largest producers of over 80% of agricultural produce items, including many cash crops such as coffee and cotton, in 2010.〔 India is also one of the world's five largest producers of livestock and poultry meat, with one of the fastest growth rates, .〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=United States Department of Agriculture )〕 One report from 2008 claimed India's population is growing faster than its ability to produce rice and wheat. Other recent studies claim India can easily feed its growing population, plus produce wheat and rice for global exports, if it can reduce food staple spoilage, improve its infrastructure and raise its farm productivity to those achieved by other developing countries such as Brazil and China.〔〔 In fiscal year ending June 2011, with a normal monsoon season, Indian agriculture accomplished an all-time record production of 85.9 million tonnes of wheat, a 6.4% increase from a year earlier. Rice output in India also hit a new record at 95.3 million tonnes, a 7% increase from the year earlier.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=8 September 2011 )〕 Lentils and many other food staples production also increased year over year. Indian farmers, thus produced about 71 kilograms of wheat and 80 kilograms of rice for every member of Indian population in 2011. The per capita supply of rice every year in India is now higher than the per capita consumption of rice every year in Japan.〔(【引用サイトリンク】year=2006 )〕 India exported $39 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide, and the sixth largest net exporter.〔 This represents explosive growth, as in 2003 net export were about $5 billion.〔 India is the fastest growing exporter of agricultural products over a 10-year period, it's $39 billion of net exports is more than double the combined exports of the European Union (EU-28).〔 It has become one of the world's largest supplier of rice, cotton, sugar and wheat. India exported around 2 million metric tonnes of wheat and 2.1 million metric tonnes of rice in 2011 to Africa, Nepal, Bangladesh and other regions around the world.〔 Aquaculture and catch fishery is amongst the fastest growing industries in India. Between 1990 and 2010, Indian fish capture harvest doubled, while aquaculture harvest tripled. In 2008, India was the world's sixth largest producer of marine and freshwater capture fisheries, and the second largest aquaculture farmed fish producer. India exported 600,000 metric tonnes of fish products to nearly half of all the world's countries.〔(【引用サイトリンク】year=2010 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, India )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】year=2011 )〕 India has shown a steady average nationwide annual increase in the kilograms produced per hectare for various agricultural items, over the last 60 years. These gains have come mainly from India's green revolution, improving road and power generation infrastructure, knowledge of gains and reforms.〔 Despite these recent accomplishments, agriculture in India has the potential for major productivity and total output gains, because crop yields in India are still just 30% to 60% of the best sustainable crop yields achievable in the farms of developed as well as other developing countries.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Oklahoma State University, FAOSTAT )〕 Additionally, losses after harvest due to poor infrastructure and unorganised retail cause India to experience some of the highest food losses in the world. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agriculture in India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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